Reduced neck range of motion due to birth trauma is known as what condition?

Reduced neck range of motion due to birth trauma is referred to as torticollis. This condition can occur when there is an injury to the muscles or nerves in the neck area during delivery, leading to a characteristic head tilt to one side and reduced ability to turn the head in the opposite direction. In neonates, torticollis may result from prolonged positioning in utero or from physical manipulation during birth, which can straining the neck muscles and lead to tightness.

Understanding torticollis is important for early diagnosis and intervention, as physical therapy can help improve the range of motion and prevent long-term muscular imbalances. The other conditions listed have different causes and manifestations. For example, Klumpke's palsy and Erb's palsy are types of brachial plexus injuries affecting the arm and hand, while spina bifida is a significant neural tube defect with implications for the spinal cord and nervous system, rather than directly affecting neck motion.