What best explains the symptoms of transient tachypnea in a term infant post-delivery?

Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is a common condition that can occur in term infants shortly after delivery. It is characterized by rapid breathing and is primarily due to the delayed reabsorption of residual amniotic fluid in the lungs. In a vaginal delivery, infants are typically exposed to a significant amount of amniotic fluid, which is mostly cleared as they pass through the birth canal. However, in some cases, particularly with cesarean deliveries or those with birth asphyxia, the fluid may not be adequately cleared, leading to retained fluid in the lungs.

This retained fluid hampers normal gas exchange, causing an increase in respiratory rate as the body attempts to compensate for the impaired lung function. The symptoms usually manifest within the first few hours after birth and generally resolve within 24 to 72 hours as the fluid is gradually reabsorbed and the infant adjusts to life outside the womb.

The nature of TTN as a self-limiting condition distinguishes it from other respiratory issues like infection, aspiration, or pneumonia, which would present with distinct clinical features and potentially require different interventions. Understanding the pathophysiology behind TTN helps healthcare professionals anticipate the condition's course and provide appropriate care, as well as reassure parents