What does choanal atresia refer to?

Choanal atresia refers to a congenital condition where one or both of the choanae (the passages from the nasal cavity to the throat) are blocked or narrowed. This blockage can prevent air from passing freely through the nasal passages, leading to breathing difficulties, especially in newborns who primarily breathe through their noses.

In cases where both choanae are blocked, this can result in cyanosis (a bluish coloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen) and distress, particularly when the infant is feeding, as they cannot simultaneously feed and breathe. Diagnosis is often made through physical examination, and it can be confirmed with imaging studies.

Management usually involves surgical intervention to correct the blockage, allowing for normal airflow and improved quality of life for the infant. Recognizing choanal atresia is critical in neonatal care due to the immediate need to address respiratory issues that can arise from the condition.