What is a common characteristic of Group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women?

Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a type of bacteria that can be normally found in the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of healthy individuals, including pregnant women. It is estimated that about 25% of pregnant women may carry GBS in their vagina or rectum. This colonization is usually harmless, but it poses a risk during labor and delivery because GBS can be transmitted to the baby, potentially leading to severe infections.

Understanding this characteristic is crucial for neonatal care since screening and management of GBS in pregnant women can significantly impact neonatal outcomes. Recognizing its prevalence highlights the importance of screening at around 35-37 weeks gestation, allowing for appropriate intrapartum prophylaxis if a woman is found to be GBS-positive.

The status of GBS as part of the normal flora rather than an infection helps to inform clinical practices and guidelines for managing labor and delivery in pregnant women who are carriers of the bacteria. This knowledge helps ensure that neonatal care practices are in place to reduce the risks associated with GBS transmission.