What is a common consequence of an immature renal system in preterm infants?

An immature renal system in preterm infants significantly impacts their ability to concentrate urine, which is reflected in the correct choice. The kidneys of preterm infants are not fully developed, and this immaturity affects several renal functions, including their ability to manipulate urine concentration. This means that these infants have a decreased capacity to retain water and solutes, leading to a more dilute urine output.

As a result, preterm infants are often unable to effectively concentrate urine to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, which can lead to complications. The other options do not correctly reflect the typical consequences associated with an immature renal system in this population. For example, preterm infants tend to be at increased risk of dehydration due to their lower ability to conserve water, rather than having an increased ability to regulate blood pressure effectively. Additionally, the immaturity of their renal system commonly leads to an increased risk of acid-base imbalances rather than a lower risk. Therefore, decreased ability to concentrate urine accurately represents a notable consequence of an immature renal system in preterm infants.