What is a genetic condition that affects male sexual development?

Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic condition that specifically affects male sexual development due to the presence of an extra X chromosome in males, resulting in a 47,XXY karyotype. This condition can lead to various physical and developmental issues, including hypogonadism, reduced testosterone levels, and potential fertility challenges. As a result, males with Klinefelter syndrome may experience delayed puberty, gynecomastia (breast tissue development), and lower muscle tone.

While Turner syndrome affects females and is characterized by the absence or abnormality of one of the two X chromosomes, Down syndrome primarily refers to a trisomy of chromosome 21 and can affect both genders but does not specifically target male sexual development issues. Fragile X syndrome, although it can lead to intellectual disabilities and certain behavioral issues, is also not defined by its impact on male sexual development as specifically as Klinefelter syndrome. Thus, Klinefelter syndrome is recognized as the genetic condition that distinctly influences male sexual development.